Hair waver



NOV. 30, 1937. T WGGERS 7 2,100,417

HAIR WAVER Filed May 7, 1957 INVENTOR 7 %7 Maggie Z lygem.

TTORNEY Patented Nov. 30, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFlCE '7 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in hair Wavers of the typeemployed for giving hair a wavy appearance.

This invention has reference more particularly to. that general type ofhair wavers in which each unit consists of two arcuate combs hingedlyconnected by means of two links of equal length so as to form adeformable parallelogram in which the two combs can move relative toeach other in opposite directions and in arcuate paths.

It is the object of this invention to produce a hair waver that can beemployed by any woman for waving her own hair or the hair of others, andwhich shall be of simple and substantial construction.

Another object is to produce a hair waver in which the combs shall be sodesigned that the two combs may be duplicates and-therefore require onlya single die for their construction and in which the ends of the combsshall have integral projections that can be rolled to form tubularbearings for the connecting links and which therefore simplify andcheapen the construction.

' Another object is to produce a device of the class described in whichthe links may be formed from single pieces of wire, bent into a widenedU shape, in which the parallel sides extend through the tubular hearingsto form the pivotal connections and in thisway to simplify and cheapenthe K construction and the assembly.

A still further object is to produce a hair waving device of the typeindicated in which the adjacent surfaces of the combs have integralstops that limit the movement of the combs towards eachother and whichassure that the hair will not be pinched between the combs.

Another object is to produce a hair waver of the type indicated in whicheach comb shall be provided with a latch member that engages the othercomb and which assures that the combs will be held in uniformly spacedrelation.

Another object is to produce a hair waver of the type indicated in whichthe teeth of the two combs are slanted in opposite directions for thepurpose of preventing the hair from slipping off duringuse.

A further object is to produce a hair'waver of the type having twocombs, curved longitudinally, With teeth on their concave edges and sointerconnected that the concave edges will always remainin parallelposition regardless of the longitudinal position'oi the combs.

The above and other objects that may appear as the description proceedsare attained by means of a construction and arrangement of parts thatwill now be described in detail, reference for this purpose being had tothe accompanying drawing in which the invention has been shown in itspreferred form and in which:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of one of the waver units, showing thecombs in maximum longitudinally offset position;

Figure 2 is a top plan view of the unit shown in Fig. 1;

Figure 3' is a section taken on the line 3-3 Fig.

Figure 4 is a top plan view similar to that shown in Fig. 2, but withthe combs in maximum spaced position;

Figure 5 is a section, similar to that shown in Fig. 3, taken on line5-5 Fig. 8;

Figure 6 is a fragmentary side elevation similar to that shown in Fig. 1andshows a modification in which the teeth are inclined in oppositedirections relative to a radius of curvature;

Figure 7 is a diagrammatic View showing the combs in maximum spacedposition and showing a hair in position;

Figure 8 shows the'combs displaced longitudi--' nally and indicates theposition takenby a hair;

Figure 9 indicates, in a diagrammatic manner, how several waver unitscan be assembled end to end to form an elongated arc;

Figure 10 is a side view of the units shown in Fig. 9 and shows how theseveral units form an arc of extended length; and

Figure 11 shows one end of. a comb blank, and shows the integralprojection that is bent into a tubular bearing for one end of a link.

In the drawing, reference numeral l2 designates the combs, which, asabove stated, are duplicates. The combs are curved in the direction oftheir length and the concave edges are provided with teeth 13, which inthe embodiment illustrated in Fig. 1 are radial or parallel with aradius of ourvature. In Fig. 6, the teeth have been shown as inclinedwith respect to a radius of curvature. The convex, edges of the combsare strengthened, either by a. roll 14 as shown in Figs. 1, 2, .3, e,and 6, or by a semi-circular flange l5 like that shown in Fig. 5.

Referring now more particularly to Fig. 11,.

it will be seen that the blanks from which the combs are made have teethformed along their concave edges and are provided at their ends withprojecting lugs or ears l6 that may be rolled to form tubular bearingslfi'a. whose axes are parallel to a; radius of curvature, or in otherwords, the axes of the tubular bearings, when extended, intersect at thecenter of curvature The convex edges of the combs are preferably rolledas indicated in the drawing by reference number I4, but since thisrequires an additional operation, the convex edges, instead of forming acomplete roll, may be bent into a semi-circular flange l5 as indicatedin Fig. 5.

The combs may be bent so that one fiat side is concave and the otherconvex, and this has been indicated in Fig. 2. This additionalcurvature,however, introduces certain complications in the manufacture, especiallyif inclined teeth like those shown in Fig. 6 are employed and the combsare therefore preferably made straight.

The length. of the combs, as well as their width, may be varied tosuitthe convenience of manufacture and marketing.

It will be noticed that each comb has one or more, preferably two,projections or bosses 2! that serve as stops and limit the movement ofthe combs towards each other, in the manner shown in Fig. 2. The objectof the stops 2! is to prevent the combs from compressing the hair asthis would injure the appearance of the waves.

Each comb is provided with a latch that is adapted to engage with theother comb of each assembly. The latches have each an arm 22 that isconnected with the comb, for pivotal movement, by means of a rivet 23;the other end is bent into the form of a hook 2Q that is shaped to lapthe convex edge of the other comb in the manner shown most clearly inFig. 3. The latches maybe provided with projecting portions 25 tofacilitate opening and closing the latch.

When the waving device is to be applied to the hair, the combs arespread apart in the manner shown in Figs. 4 and 7, and the device isthen applied to a strand of hair in the manner shown ;in Fig. 7 wherethe single line 26 designates a' strand of hair. The combs are now movedlongitudinally relative to each other, as indicated in Fig. 8, untilthey come to the position shown in position they are then latched.

Figs. '7, 8, and 9 show the position taken by the hair. The loopindicated by 21 in Fig. 5

may be much lower than shown there and may be absent entirely.

In some cases, it is desirable to have the teeth of the combs oppositelyinclined with respect to a radial line, as shown in Fig. 6, as such aconstruction serves to hold the hair from slipping off.

In Fig. 9, three units have been shown, arranged end'to end. Owing tothe displacement of the ends of the combs relative to each other, theends of the several units overlap when arranged as shown in Figs. 9 and10.

These wavers can be employed for retracing permanents or finger waves ormay be used for making new waves.

Owing to the design of the. combs, they may be duplicates whichnecessitates only a single die for both combs. The links may also bemade by means of dies and the construction can therefore be reduced incost to a very low figure.

The material is preferably metal, such as aluminum, but other materialssuch as hard rubber, celluloid or other similar materials may be used.

From the above, it will be apparent that the present invention makes itpossible to produce a hair waver with a very small number of specialtools because, aside from the latch two dies only are required, one forthe combs and onefor the links and as these are simple, their cost issmall.

Having described the invention what is claimed as new is:

1. A comb for use in a hair waving device having two substantiallyidentical combs hingedly connected at their ends by links of equallength, said comb having its ends formed with tubular projectionsforming hinge bearings.

2. In a hair waving device, two combs, curved in the direction of theirlength, into arcuate form, the ends of each comb having an integralportion thereof formed into a hinge bearing, the

axes of the two bearings intersecting at the center of curvature of thecombs, and links of equal length and of widened U-shape connectingcorre-" sponding end bearings, the parallel side members of the linksbeing journalled in the bearings.

3. In a hair waving device, two combs, curved in the direction of theirlength, the teeth being on the concave edge, the ends of the combshaving integral tubular extensions forming bearings.

the axes of the bearings intersecting at the center of curvature, theconvex edges of the combs being flanged to stiffen them, correspondingends of the combs being connected by means of'links of widened U-shape,the links at opposite ends being of the same length, the parallel sidesof the links being journalled in the bearings whereby the combs and thelinks form a deformable par-' allelogram in which the combs have anarcuate movement relative to each other.

4. In a hair waving device, two combs, curved in the direction of theirlength, the teeth being on the concave edge, the ends of the combshaving integral tubular extensions forming bearings, the axes of thebearings intersecting at the center of curvature, the convex edges ofthe combs being flanged to stiifen them, corresponding ends of the combsbeing connected by means of links of widened U-shape, the links atopposite ends being of the same length, the parallel sides of the linksbeing journalled in the bearings where.- by the combs and the links forma deformable parallelogram in which the combs have an arcuate movementrelative to each other, and 'projections on adjacent surfaces of thecombs for limiting their movement towards each other. 5. In a hairwaving device, two combs, curved in'the direction of their length, theteeth being on the concave edge, the ends of the combs having integraltubular extensions forming bearings, the axes of the bearingsintersecting at the center of curvature, the convex edges of the combsbeing flanged to stiffen them, corresponding ends of the combs beingconnected by means of links of widened U-shape, the links at oppositeends being of the same length, the parallel sides of the links beingjournalled in the bearings whereby the combs and the links form adeformable par-- allelogram in which the combs have an arcuate movementrelative to each other, projections on adjacent surfaces of the combsfor limiting their movementtowards each other, andmeans for latching thecombs instep engaging position.

6. A blank for a comb to be employed in a hair waving device of theclass described, comprising an arcuate piece of metal having comb teethon its concave edge, the ends of the blank having projecting earsadapted to be rolled to form bearings whose axes intersect at the centerof curvature, that portion of the blank that projects beyond the arcdefining the outer edges of the ears, being adapted to be bent along theline of the are into a reenforcin-g means for resisting transversefiexure.

7. A comb for use in a hair waver of the type in which two combs areconnected by parallel links of equal length so as to form a changeablerectangle, comprising an arcuate sheet of material having its concaveedge provided with teeth, its convex edge provided with a reenforcingflange and its ends provided with tubular bearings whose axes intersectat the center of curvature.

